Second Winter Campaign
The Second Winter Campaign, also called the November Raid, was the armed incursion of the UNR Insurgent Army into Ukraine in autumn 1921. Its members came from UNR Army soldiers interned in camps in Poland, including Kalisz. General Yurii Tiutiunnyk commanded the army. The aim was to start a general uprising against Bolshevik rule. In late October 1921 the units crossed the Soviet-Polish border in several groups; the Volhynian group was the main one. The uprising did not start, and on 17 November 1921 Hryhorii Kotovsky's Soviet cavalry defeated the Volhynian group near Mali Minky. More than four hundred men were taken prisoner. 359 of them, who refused to join the Bolsheviks, were shot on 22–23 November 1921 near the town of Bazar in the Zhytomyr region. The campaign was the last major operation of the UNR Army.Collection3